Piscidic acid acts as an inhibitor of cholesterol permeation through Caco-2 cell monolayers and as an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase.

Astragaloside A (Astragaloside IV) is the primary pure saponin isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, which has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Methyl nomilinate from citrus can modulate cell cycle regulators to induce cytotoxicity in human colon cancer (SW480) cells in vitro.